Kings of Israel

2 Jehoash Jehoahaz 17
3
4
5
Jboam II 1, Jehoash 6
2 & 7
3 & 8
4 & 9
5 & 10
6 & 11
7 & 12
8 & 13
9 & 14
10 & 15
Jboam II 11, Jehoash16
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Jeroboam II year 27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Jeroboam II year 41
 Shallum> Zechariah 1
Menahem> Shallum 1
Menahem 1
2
3
1st Pekah, Menahem 4
2nd year of Pekah & 5
3 & 6
4 & 7
5 & 8
6 & 9
Pekah 7 , Menahem 10
Pekah 8, Pekahiah 1
Zechariah began his accession upon the death of his father Jeroboam II. His reign started in the 38th year of King Uzziah(Azariah). Zechariah reigned only 6 months before he was killed by Shallum(II Kings 15:8). However he is still credited with the whole year. Shallum began to reign the next civil year on Tishri 1 in the 39th year of Uzziah but he only reigned for one month before he was killed by Menahem (II Kings 15:13). Likewise Shallum also is credited with the whole year. Menahem began his11month accession period when he bacame king in the same 39th year of Uzziah. Menahem started to reign on Tishri 1,752 BC. He reigned for 10 years (II Kings 15:17). It was probably in the final year of his reign 743/742 BC that Menahem paid Pul (Tiglath Pileser III) one thousand talents of silver as a result of the tribute imposed during the invasion by Tiglath Pileser III in 743 BC. It is evident that Pekah began to reign over a divided Israel shortly after Menahem began to reign. Although there is no synchronism avilable for the beginning of Pekah's reign his start date is placed in the 4th year of Menahem. II Kings 15:27 tells us that Pekah became king over Israel in Samerian and reigned twenty years and this happend in the 52nd year of Uzzziah. That synchronism refers to the start of his sole reign over Israel beginning in 740 BC.
Pekahiah the son of Menahem began his 2 year reign in the 50th year of King Uzziah or Azariah (II Kings 15:23). Pekahiah was killed by Pekah at which point Pekah began his sole reign.

 

Pekah 9, Pekahiah 2
Pekah's sole reign 10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17th year of Pekah, 17
18
19
Hosea>Pekah last yr 20
1
2
3rd year of Hosea 3
4
5
6
7
8
Israel into captivity 9

 

 

 



Year


799 BC 798 BC 797 BC 796 BC 795 BC 794 BC 793 BC 792 BC 791 BC 790 BC 789 BC 788 BC 787 BC 786 BC 785 BC 784 BC 783 BC 782 BC 781 BC 780 BC 779 BC 778 BC 777 BC 776 BC 775 BC 774 BC 773 BC 772 BC 771 BC 770 BC 769 BC 768 BC 767 BC 766 BC 765 BC 764 BC 763 BC 762 BC 761 BC 760 BC 759 BC 758 BC 757 BC 756 BC 755 BC 754 BC 753 BC 752 BC 751 BC 750 BC 749 BC 748 BC 747 BC 746 BC 745 BC 744 BC 743 BC 742 BC 741 BC 740 BC 739 BC 738 BC 737 BC 736 BC 735 BC 734 BC 733 BC 732 BC 731 BC 730 BC 729 BC 728 BC 727 BC 726 BC 725 BC 724 BC 723 BC 722 BC 721 BC 720 BC 719 BC 718 BC 717 BC 716 BC 715 BC 714 BC 713 BC 712 BC 711 BC 710 BC 709 BC 708 BC 707 BC 706 BC 705 BC 704 BC 703 BC 702 BC 701 BC 700 BC 699 BC

Kings of Judah


39 Joash, <Amaziah
40 Joash, Amaziah 1st
2
3
4
5
6
7
8th Amaziah, Uzziah 1
9 & 2
10 & 3
11 & 4
12 & 5
13 & 6
14 & 7
15 & 8
16 & 9
17 & 10
18 & 11
19 & 12
20 & 13
21 & 14
22 & 15
23 & 16
24 & 17
25 & 18
26 & 19
27 & 20
28 & 21
29 & 22
23rd Uzziah sole reign
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38th year of Uzziah
39th year of Uzziah
40
41
42
43
44 Uzziah & 1st Jotham
45 & 2
46 & 3
47 & 4
48 & 5
49 & 6
50 & 7
51 & 8
52 Uzziah's last year, 9
10 Jotham sole reign
11
12
13
14
15
16 Jotham last yr<Ahaz
1 Ahaz began reign
2 nd year of Ahaz
3
4
5
6 Ahaz & <Hezekiah 1
7 & 2
8 & 3
9 & 4
10 & 5
11 & 6
12 & 7
13 & 8
14 & 9
15 & 10
16 Ahaz final year, 11
12 Hezekiah sole reign
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25 solo reign 14th yr
26
27
28
29 Hezekiah's last yr.


1562 BC- 1338 BC
1337 BC - 1113 BC
1112 BC - 935 BC
935 BC - 800 BC
799 BC - 699 BC
698 BC - 585 BC
Amaziah, son of Joash became king in the 2nd year of Jehoash (his accession period) He reigned 29 years. (II Kings 14:1,2).
799 BC was the 17th & final year for Jehoahaz but the 2nd year for his son Jehoash.
Jeroboam II became king under his father King Jehoash however no synchronism is available until he began his sole reign after co-reigning with his father for eleven years. He began his sole reign in 784 BC, the 15th year of Amaziah, he reigned for 41 years (II Kings 14:23).
There is no synchronism for King Uzziah (Azariah) until the 27th year of Jeroboam II when the evidence suggest he began his sole reign over Judah after the death of his father Amaziah. King Uzziah reigned for 52 years.(II Kings 15:1)These verses tell us Uzziah was 16 years old when he began to reign in the year 791 BC..

 


Jotham began his 16 year reign in the 2nd year of Pekah (II Kings 15:32,33). This was likely the point in time when King Uzziah entered the temple and tried to perform the duties of the priest and God struck him with leprosy.
Uzziah was isolated in a seperate residence and Johham his son assumed the duties of the kingdom beginning in 748 BC.

In the 17th year of Pekah, Ahaz the son of Jotham began his 16 year reign, his accession period (I Kings 16:1). Ahaz began his reign in 732 BC.

***Special Note***
It is my personal opinion that the synchronism provided for the start of Hosea's reign found in II Kings 17:1 is a result of a scribal copy error. This synchronism states "In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, Hosea the son of Elah became king of Israel in Sameria, and he reigned nine years". I believe the correct year should be in the "second year of Ahaz". The two Hebrew words for twelfth and second are taken from the same base word and are very similiar. It make no chronological sense that Hosea's reign would begin in the twelfth year of Ahaz but it fits perfectly when the correct year "second" is used! This particular synchronism has always been a source of conflict and confusion because nobody has proposed a simple yet logical solution until now!

According to the synchronism found in II Kings 18:1 Hezekiah began to reign in the 3rd year of Hosea. His 29 year reign started in 727 BC. He co-reigned with Ahaz for 11 years until 717 BC. Hezekiah began his sole reign the next year in 716 BC.The 14th year of his sole reign was 703/702 BC, one year prior to the accepted date when in 701 BC the Lord killed 185,000 Assyrian troops of King Sennacherib that threatened to subjugated King Hezekiah and Jerusalem.
Hosea began to reign in the twelfth year? of Ahaz
See the ***Special Note*** on the right side of this page for the reason I belive the start of Ahaz reign is a scribal error that should correctly read second year not twelfth!

There are two synchronisms provided for the reign of Hosea. The synchronism at II Kings 15:29 tells us how in the days of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath Pileser III came to northern Israel and took those in Galilee captive to Assyria. This was the first deportation of Israelite captives and it took place in 732 BC. Then Hosea conspired against Pekah and killed him then reigned in his place and according to this synchonism these events took place in the 20th year of Jotham (729 BC) the son of Uzziah. Although Jotham's official reign only lasted 16 years he apparently co-reigned another four years under Ahaz his son. Extending Jotham's reign four more years brings the chronology to 729 BC when Hosea actually began the first year of his nine year reign. The other synchronism provided for Hosea when correctly read as "second" year brings harmony to the chronology behind these two synchonisms for his reign.